Discourse
Analysis
Men Compliment to the Women Style
By :
Jon
Sastro
0821110047
Vc
Lecture;
Epi
Wadison, M.Pd
DEPARTEMENT OF ENGLISH
FACULTY OF TEACHER TREANING AND EDUCATION
2011
CHAPTER
1
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background
Discourse Analysis explores the relationship between
meaning, context, and communication. This is what discourse analysis is able to
do for us, in particular, it can help us explain the relationship between what
we say and what we mean and understanding, in a particular context. It can also
give us the tools to took at larger units of texts such as patterns of
vocabulary and textual organization that are typical of particular uses of
language.
Discourse analysis than can take us into what
riggenbach(1999) calls the ‘bigger picture’ of language description that is often
left out of more micro-level descriptions of language use. It can take us into
the social and cultural settings of language use to help us understand
particular language choices. That is, it can take us beyond description to
explanation and help us understand the ruler of the game that are part of the
knowledge users or a language draw on in their everyday communications (Bhatia
1999).
1.2
research problem
Base on in the introduction above is research will
discuss about Men Compliment to the Women Style.
1.
How
the men compliment to the women style?
2. What the
mean of that compliment?
1.3
research objective
The objective research is to find out and describe Men Compliment
to the Women Style in my around.
1.4
the significance of the research
The importance of this research is to inform readers
about the manner and purpose of a compliment. Researchers hope this study can
also provide information about the conversation praising the appearance of women
in the neighborhood.
1.5
the limitation of the research
In this reseach, the writer limit the research only to investigate a conversation about men
compliment to the women style.
CHAPTER
II
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2.1
Definition of discourse
Analysis
discourse
analysis, is a general term for a number of approaches
to analyzing written, spoken, signed language use or any significant semiotic
event.The objects of discourse analysis discourse, writing, talk, conversation,
communicative event, etc. are variously defined in terms
of coherent sequences of sentences, propositions,
speech
acts or turns-at-talk.
Discourse Analysis explores the relationship
between meaning, context, and communication. discourse analysis has 3 theory, based on meaning,
types of sentences and the kinds of conversations,
that are: austin’s theory, sherlie’s theory and grice’s theory.
2.2
Kinds of the theory
A.
Austin’s analysis of
meaning is unique in the sense that meaning is not explained through some forms
of reduction. In reductive theories of meaning, complexities of meaning
expressed by a sentence are reduced by a single criterion to something else,
and this is claimed to be the process of explaining the meaning of the
sentence.
According to Austin's theory (1962), what we
say has three kinds of meaning:
1. lucotionary meaning - the literal meaning of what is
said
2. illocutionary meaning - the social function of what is
said
3. perlocutionary meaning - the effect of what is said.
B. A theory of john Searle(1969) developed from
the theory of Austin.
Sarle identified and classified of the austin
theory in 5 classes
1.
Representative - speech acts that
commit a speaker to the expressed proposition.
2.
Directive - speech acts that are to
cause the hearer to take partcular action
3.
Expressive - speech acts that
express the speaker’s attitudes andemotions towards the proposition
4.
Comissives - speech acts that commit
a speaker to some future action
5.
Declaration - speech acts that
change the reality in accor with the proposition of the declaration
C.
Grice(1975) argues that is principleis based on four sub principles or
conversational maxim.
Kinds of Conversational Maxim:
1.
Maxim of Quality
The maxim of quality for cooperative interaction in
English may be best measured by the number of expressions we use to indicate
that what we’re saying may not be totally accurate.
2.
Maxim of Quantity
The maxim of quantity is used to express information
clearly, to ask for help and to avoid misunderstanding.
3.
Maxim of Relation
The maxim of relation is used to find out true
information and to give true information be relevant.
4.
Maxim of Manner
The maxim of manner is used to avoid obscurity of
expression, avoid ambiguity, be brief and be orderly.
CHAPTER III
RESERCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Methodology
This is a descriptive study that aims to describe how
men compliment to women style. The writer collected data by directly listening
to the conversation of friends. Data information
about the purpose of research. data taken
directly from events
in the conversation, which involved men
and women. and
sources of data were
taken from the book and hear direct conversations, this study took place on campuss and
in kost.
3.2 Technique for colleting the data
1. hear direct conversation
1. hear direct conversation
2. analysis what mean the speaker say to hearer
CHAPTER
IV
FINDINGS
4.1 discussion
Generally we are always find the conversational in the people’s habit activities. I am going
to give some example and scenario that people always do to interact one
another, althought sometimes people doesn’t dare and never care in their conversation.
The following scenario, indicate that doesn’t happen the conversational between
them.
In the classroom
there was a woman(timi) sitting while doing her
task. then came a man(herza) and he
compliment the girl:
Herza : way tim,
cantik nian kau hari ko,. Hehehe
timi : yak
au lah,.,.
Conversation above becomes funny and confusing, because
the conversation did not know what it means, then appears on the of
perception austin’s theory in herza’s utterence
herza: wai tim, cantik nian kau hari
ko.
In lucotionary meaning
it it the real meaning that timi is beautiful, in illocutionary meaning that the herza
want to timi to do somethig for him. and in perlocutionary meaning that the
timi understand what the meaning herza utterence and timi do something for
herza,(that mean herza want to timi do his task).
And than from herza’s
utterance ; wai tim, cantik nian kau hari ko, it’s mean that same with “ tim,
tolong buatin ambo tugas” so the utterance appears in Sarle’s theory that identified and classified the meaning
utterance. That is:
Directive; (request)
Ø
Tim, tolong buatin ambo tugas
After that I am going to give the examples of
conversational by using Indonesian language. This happen at the campuss:
Fery : za,
tengok cewek tu cantik dak menurut kau?
Herza : way,
sumpah, cantik nian men, naksir ambo lah
Fery : menurut kau cak mano jon?
Jon : cacam,
cantik nian tu cuy, sumpah ajib men
Based on the conversation above, herza and jon told the right information, that the women they see
very beautiful. moreover
this information be strengthened with the word “SUMPAH”.
so the information they convey is correct. So that conversation above there in grice’s theory of the conversation maxim quality.
CHAPTER
V
CONCLUSION
AND SUGGESTION
5.1 conclussions
Based on the results and discussion
in chapter IV
of this study took
several conclusions, that every conversation
has a different meaning
between the speaker with the listener so
that conversations are relationship
and have a meaning
which according to the situation and
context
5.2 suggestion
conversation is something that can connect from person
to person, so conversation is very important in our lives, and in this
Investigation, I hope be useful for us especially for English department
Student in Muhammadiyah University of Bengkulu. Also,I want to thank to my
lecture that had this task to me.
REFERENCES
Paltridge,Brian.2000. Making Sense Of Discourse
Analysis. Australia: Gold Coast.
Yule, George.1985. The Study of
Language. New York: Cambrige University Press.
Spolsky, B. 1998. Sociolinguistics, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
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